Soils naturally contain many nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous, calcium, and potassium. These nutrients allow plants to grow. By the way all nutrients in our food originally come from the soil. When soil nutrients are missing or are too low, plants suffer from nutrient deficiency and stop growing.
Plants that grow in nutritionally deficient and unfertilized soil will often be smaller and grow slower than plants from healthy soil.
In its 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects (WPP), the United Nations projected that the world’s
population would grow from 7.7 billion in 2019 to reach 8.5 billion in 2030, 9.7 billion in 2050 and 10.9 billion in 2100.1
With the global population steadily growing, it is important that enough crops are produced each year to provide food to people around the world.
The purpose of fertilizers, whether mineral or organic, is to supplement the natural supply of soil nutrients, build up soil productivity, and to compensate for the nutrients taken by harvested products or lost by unavoidable leakages to the environment. They helps farmers produce increasing quantities of food to meet the global population’s caloric needs, but they also improves the overall quality of food to fight worldwide malnutrition.
Agronomic biofortification has the advantage of getting a fast response with good bioavailability of the micronutrients applied, and it can be used in complementary manner with genetic fortification through plant breeding and food fortification (supplementing salt, flour or processed food with micronutrients).
Achieving global food security today and in the future cannot be achieved without fertilizers.
Sustainable fertilization and plant nutrition is, and will remain essential for agricultural intensification.